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原子發(fā)射光譜儀，是根據(jù)處于激發(fā)態(tài)的待測(cè)元素原子回到基態(tài)時(shí)發(fā)射的特征譜線對(duì)待測(cè)元素進(jìn)行分析的方法。在正常狀態(tài)下，原子處于基態(tài)，原子在受到熱（火焰）或電（電火花）激發(fā)時(shí)，由基態(tài)躍遷到激發(fā)態(tài)，返回到基態(tài)時(shí)，發(fā)射出特征光譜（線狀光譜）。原子發(fā)射光譜法包括了三個(gè)主要的過程，即：
Atomic emission spectrometry is a method for the analysis of the characteristic spectrum of the emission from the excited state of the atom to be detected in the ground state. Under normal state, the atom is in the ground state, when the atom is excited by the heat (flame) or electric (electric spark), the ground state transitions to the excited state, and returns to the ground state. Atomic emission spectrometry includes three main processes, namely:
1、由光源提供能量使樣品蒸發(fā)、形成氣態(tài)原子、并進(jìn)一步使氣態(tài)原子激發(fā)而產(chǎn)生光輻射；
1, by the light source to provide energy to the evaporation of the sample, the formation of gaseous atoms, and further make the gas atomic excitation and produce light radiation;
2、將光源發(fā)出的復(fù)合光經(jīng)單色器分解成按波長順序排列的譜線，形成光譜；
2, the composite light issued from the monochromator wavelength according to the decomposition order, form a spectrum;
3、用檢測(cè)器檢測(cè)光譜中譜線的波長和強(qiáng)度。
3. The wavelength and intensity of the spectral line in the spectrum are detected by the detector.
由于待測(cè)元素原子的能級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)不同，因此發(fā)射譜線的特征不同，據(jù)此可對(duì)樣品進(jìn)行定性分析；而根據(jù)待測(cè)元素原子的濃度不同，因此發(fā)射強(qiáng)度不同，可實(shí)現(xiàn)元素的定量測(cè)定。
The measured energy structure of atoms, so the emission spectra of the different lines, it can carry on the qualitative analysis of samples; and according to the measured concentration of atoms, so the emission intensity is different, can realize the quantitative determination of elements.
原子發(fā)射光譜是指由于物質(zhì)內(nèi)部運(yùn)動(dòng)的原子和分子受到外界能量后發(fā)生變化而得到的。
The atomic emission spectrum is obtained by the change of the atomic and molecular energy of the internal motion of the material.
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